ABSTRACT
Nowadays, with the increasing interest in personalized medicine and translational research, the need to develop disease-specific nanoprobes has arisen, leading to the development of systems that simultaneously perform multiple imaging such as positron emission tomography (PET)/computerized tomography (CT), single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT)/CT or SPECT/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and PET/MRI in the biomedical field. These systems revealed the need to develop new molecular systems or nanotechnological drugs capable of performing multiple functions that could give the same image. Thus, the emergence of hybrid cameras combining the MRI with SPECT or PET in the multi-module hybrid technology has aroused increased attention to the development of multimodality imaging probes. As a result, the need to develop diseasespecific nanoprobes has arisen with the increasing interest in personalized medicine and translational research, and focus to radionuclides labeled nanoparticles of PET/SPECT has increased in the biomedical field. The biggest challenges are: the development of easy-to-use, high-throughput radiolabeling strategies to improve the imaging stability, increased sensitivity for early stage sensitivity for the disease, and the optimization of in vivo pharmacokinetics. The aim of this article is to briefly summarize the main applications of imaging probes that can be used in the multiple mode (dualmode) system for different systems such as cardiovascular imaging, lung diagnosis, and tumor therapy.
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