ABSTRACT
Bone is a common metastatic site of cancer. Bone metastasis reduces life expectancy and results in serious symptoms and complications such as bone pain, pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, and malignant hypercalcemia. Therefore, appropriate approach to bone metastases is important. Radionuclide therapy is characterized by the reasonably selective delivery of therapeutic doses of radiation systemically to target tissues, with generally limited toxicity and few long-term side effects. Radionuclide therapy using bone-specific radiopharmaceuticals is a safe and effective therapy for bone pain palliation in metastatic bone disease, mainly prostate cancer. Although the additive value of β-emitting radionuclides on survival is debatable, the combination of radionuclide therapy with other therapies such as chemotherapy or external radiation therapy may improve patient survival. 223-Ra, which is an alpha-emitting agent, is a radiopharmaceutical with proven efficacy in pain palliation and survival in metastatic prostate carcinoma.
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