ABSTRACT
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men. Tumor growth and progression are androgen-dependent; for this reason, androgen deprivation therapy has been the main therapeutic intervention for treatment of prostate cancer. However, the disease becomes castration-resistant after a period of time. In castration-resistant prostate cancer, the most common metastatic sites are bones and lymph nodes. Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer is a fatal disease requiring systemic treatment. Chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, and radionuclide therapy can be used to achieve control of the disease.
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