ABSTRACT

Scintigraphic images play an important role in the diagnosis of diseases by providing accurate clinical information independent of the operator. However, the good quality image may not be obtained due to changes in the performance of the imaging system and/or external factors. A poor quality image will make difficult to interpretate clinical studies. Quality Control (QC) tests provide to reveal the conditions that will adversely affect the image quality before starting of scintigraphic imaging, and to make the necessary arrangements. Although QC tests show relative changes depending on the brand and model of gama camera, there are tests that must be done routinely. For gamma cameras [planar and single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT)] to be newly installed in the Nuclear Medicine Clinic, “Acceptance Tests” should be carried out after the installation. “Checks before clinical studies” before starting daily scintigraphic studies, and routine QC studies at certain periods (weekly, monthly) should be performed. Standard measurement techniques, the most common test National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) method, should be used to ensure reliable results. NEMA NU 1-2018 Gamma Cameras’ Performance Measurements which provides a uniform and consistent method for measuring and reporting the performance parameters of SPECT scanners include updates for SPECT/computerized tomography (CT) systems. Updates of detector characterization and image quality measurements for detectors were made in accordance with iterative reconstruction. This update also includes QC tests for the interoperability of the CT and SPECT components of hybrid SPECT/CT systems. QC and acceptance tests of the systems with semisolid detectors (CZT crystals, etc) seen more frequent recently should be made according to this newly published document. The purpose of this guideline is to identify and facilitate the necessary acceptance and reference tests, routine QC applications on planar and SPECT gamma cameras, and SPECT/CT systems.